Case Study

a. Personal Data Summary

Name:                            Arsenio Mabutas De Asis
Age:                                 14 yrs. old
Gender:                         Male
Grade level:                Grade 3
School's name:          Rene Cayetano Elementary School
Birth Order:               Youngest


Family Background


Father's name:           Edmundo Sacay De Asis (deceased)
Mother's name:          Veronica Mabutas De Asis (deceased)
Siblings:                        Justin De Asis
                                          Jackelyn De Asis
Guardian:                    Pstra. Mila De Asis

b. Joining process

             As identified by his guardian, Pstra. Mila De Asis, the client is aggressive in a way that he is inexpressive to his wants and needs. his behavior according to the family is easy to get angry.
            For these reasons, the client is being referred to be my client by his guardian to undergo appropriate therapy for his maladaptive behavior.

c. Presenting problem

         Being an adolescent, his family described the client as extremely aggressive. through their strong description about the behavior of the client, it seems that the client is really experiencing problems which he is not sharing to anyone. his immediate change of behavior is unpredictable. his guardian believed that the death of the client's father can also be one source of the client's problem. as a result, when he is getting annoyed or irritated, he easily punches them and the worst, threatened them by getting knife or anything similar to it. 

d. Psychosocial History

d.1 Timeline

         4 years old    8 years old           10 years old            11 years old

 - death of his ,       -  first attended       - stopped attending      - He and his family went 

  mother on           formal schooling,     school when he was      to Manila and lived    in  

  year 2001          year 2005                    grade 3, year 2007       their relatives, 

                                                                                                              year 2009

         12 years old             13 years old           13 1/2 years old     14 years old

      - he attended school   - he was trans-        - he first attended      - Death of his father,

       again but got back       ferred to ano-           Sunday School in     June 27, 2010

       to grade 1 again,          ther school            Good News Christian

       year 2009                     from private           Church, year 2010

                                              to public, year 

                                              2010                      

               Most of the significant events in time line seemed to be more negative. These are possible reasons of the maladaptive behavior of the client. Negative events happened almost every year. This made me predict that the client may experience trauma to the negative events happened in his life.

d.2 Genogram

       Both of the parents of the client were now dead. As seen in the genogram above, there's nothing wrong about the relationship of the client and to other family members.




d.3 Family Sociograph

      Even though the client is very aggressive, he is not the least chosen by the members of his family as shown in the sociograph. Jackelyn, elder sister of the client, is the least chosen by the member of the family. the client said that he really don't like his elder sister and his cousin thyn because they usually annoys and scolds him.

classmates sociograph

          Out of 24 students, only one chose the client as one of his friends. no students stated that they are having bad relation towards the client. Those students whom chosen by the client did not choose the client in the top three of their friends.

d.4 Personality Dynamics for Self-Mastery

             The client can be able to determine if he have done something that is not permissible by the authorities but still does whenever no one is around. The child can undersdand scriptures from the Bible but lacking of application is observable.

d.5 Personality Dynamics for Relationship

       Based on the information gathered, he has good relationshiptowards his friends but not to his family. He is very resentful to his elder sister and sually have quarrels together. He is not expressive to his family members. Only his friends know what he usually does outside.

d. 6 Personality Dynamics for Action

              When he is in the good mood, he doesn't complain about anything ut just obey what was being commanded. When being scolded, he is not shouting or say any bad words, he is showing his disobedience in some ways.

               He is not expressive to his family that's why his family doesn't know the reason of his maladaptive behavior. He can be only express his emotions through aggressive behavior like kicking, punching and throwing objects.

            

E. Theoretical Framework

             The environment that surrounds the client greatly affect the behavior of the child. When he is so attach to any people or events, when lost, it can also be a source of his maladaptive behavior. There are many people responsible for the molding of the client's character not just only the teachers or the parents, but also everyone.

F. Prognosis

Summary of Reality Therapy

 William Glasser

INTRODUCTION

                Reality therapy emphasizes that people are capable of changing their fate if they will live in reality. This therapy is not complicated and easy to understand unlike other therapy. It is simple yet not simplistic. The basis of this theory is on an explanation of brain functioning or control theory which accounts for human behavior. Based in the control theory, we act to an attempt to fulfill our current needs:  belonging, power, pleasure, freedom, and survival. Through the process of reality therapy, clients learn more about effective path to satisfy their needs.

Brief Biography

                William Glasser was born in Cleveland, Ohio on May 11, 1925. Little has been known about Glasser’s childhood but he described it as uneventful and happy. While still a student of Case Institute of technology, he married Naomi Judith Silver. After he graduated, his advisers rejected his dissertation. He gained admission to medical school at Western Reserve University. He began experimenting with the alternative treatment to the traditional psychoanalytic procedures.

View of Human nature

• Reality therapists first establish a warm and trusting relationship with their client. This is done to help clients evaluate choices they make to meet the basic needs that all humans have for belonging, power, freedom, and enjoyment.
• The view of human nature in reality therapy is that all needs are internal and that human beings act on the world purposefully to satisfy their needs and wants.
• An important element of choice theory is the notion that the brain stores need-satisfying images that serve as a guide to behavior. The five basic needs are survival, belonging, power, freedom, and fun.
• The goal of reality therapy is help people define their wants, evaluate their behaviors, and make concrete plans for fulfilling their needs.

MAJOR METHODS AND TECHNIQUES

·         Structuring

Ø  The counselor helps clients to adjust their expectations and gives them a realistic hope for change.

·         Confrontation

Ø   Confronted with present reality and eventually they will need to face the questions for the clients.

·         Contracts

Ø  Agreement signed by both the client and his/her therapist further reinforces a commitment to follow through. Contracts provides concrete evidence of their intention to change their behavior.

·         Instruction

Ø  The therapist should be competent so that they know how to teach or instruct the client in order to meet their goals.

·         Skillful Questioning

Ø  The therapist helps the clients to evaluate their behavior by asking a direct question.

·         Emphasizing Choice

Ø  The therapist help the clients by giving an options where the clients have a freedom to choice to live by their own standards.

·         Role Playing

Ø  Is a technique that presents clients’ behavior and allow them to rehearse the events that cause their anxiety. During a role-playing activity, clients learn to prepare for the consequences of their behavior, including their feelings while performing the activity.

·         Support

Ø  Once the clients see that their therapist encourages and supports them that he or she believes in them, their motivation and self-efficacy increases. Inevitably, the therapists trust and support communicates a sense of self-worth, and it is this growing feeling of being worthwhile that give clients more energy to live responsibly.

·         Constructive Debate

Ø  When therapist and clients challenge one anothers ideas and values, it demonstrates that they have values worth defending, that what they have to say is worthwhile and is taken seriously. Through constructive debate, clients learn they can contribute meaningfully to the therapeutic process.

·         Humor

Ø  Knowing that clients can be brought closer to reality through the therapeutic use of humor, the reality therapist occasionally uses humor in a sensitive manner. Used appropriately, humor can help clients gain a healthy ability to laugh at themselves- to become less introspective and more objective.

·         Self-Disclosure

Ø  Reality therapist share personal experiences and struggles and open themselves up to reveal their humanity, even to the point of questioning their own values or uncovering their own weaknesses.

·         Positive Addictions

Ø  Glasser encourages his clients to choose positive addictions that lead to more satisfactory ways living or anything that may help them reach a healthy high.

·         Assessment

Ø  Although the counselor in reality therapy makes little attempt to test, diagnose interpret, or otherwise assess clients, he or she evaluate their progress toward desired goals.

Application

          At the outset aspect of the therapy   it is crucial that the therapist must be involved, that he / she established a caring rapport within the context of a professional helping relationships and that the the therapist remain positive and emphasize the clients strength . client’s behavior is [presumed to be an  attempt at some point of control, a means of satisfying a want or need, the therapist then needs to persuade them to  own up to what they are doing now. The client’s  not the therapist who must learn to evaluate their behavior to know whether what they are doing is helping their situation. Clients with failure identities are particularly reluctant to commit change. At this point the therapist will brook no excuses. The therapist needs to eliminate punishment, which usually involves another person controlling the clients lives. As we can see in the whole process of the therapist he had this courage to pursue the whole treatment. He never gives up instead his looking forward the possibility of change. The reality therapy is applied to a wide variety of clinical issues. It was used in different kinds of problem of the people. Here the essential issues in the therapy is on Glasser’s approach it has been illustrated in the case of pat a young, wealthy, overindulged satisfactorily married and has two children. As a therapist Glasser invested in Pat and he help her to become responsible for what she really wants., which is the reduction of her weight.          The therapist found hard in dealing with pat for her behavior but after a long run of therapy. This said therapy continuous slowly because Pat is not cooperating at some time. Pat rejected Glasser a number of times but he pursue and take a little effort to get the trust and respect from Pat. Eventually in the process Pat learn to accept that only herself can make her responsible. After almost a year Glasser now point out Pat’s behavior that she need to remove and that is being “irresponsible”. After Pat learn to be responsible she take a little chance to change. Pat felt a keener sense of achievement and she lost 50 pounds. In the therapy the client must understand that she only needs to accept her present situation and be open to changes to finally found achievements. The client are not ill they are just weak.

Submitted by BEED III-A:

Michelle Doong

Rachel Fraga 

Liezel Mundala

Jennifer Murao

Ryan Capucao

Timeline

         4 years old          8 years old                   10 years old                11 years old

 - death of his mother,       - first attended            - stopped attending      - He and his family went 

        year 2001                formal schooling,         school when he was        to Manila and lived in 

                                         year 2005                    grade 3, year 2007          their relatives, 

                                                                                                                       year 2009

      12 years old                  13 years old                   13 1/2 years old             14 years old

      - he attended school       - he was transferred        - he first attended           - Death of his father,

       again but got back         to another school           Sunday School in               June 27, 2010

       to grade 1 again,           private to public,            Good News Christian

       year 2009                     year 2010                      Church, year 2010

Presenting problem

         Being an adolescent, his family described the client as extremely aggressive. through their strong description about the behavior of the client, it seems that the client is really experiencing problems which he is not sharing to anyone. his immediate change of behavior is unpredictable. his guardian believed that the death of the client's father can also be one source of the client's problem. as a result, when he is getting annoyed or irritated, he easily punches them and the worst, threatened them by getting knife or anything similar to it. 

Joining process

             As identified by his guardian, Pstra. Mila De Asis, the client is aggressive in a way that he is inexpressive to his wants and needs. his behavior according to the family is easy to get angry.
            For these reasons, the client is being referred to be my client by his guardian to undergo appropriate therapy for his maladaptive behavior.

Case Study

Name:                            Arsenio Mabutas De Asis
Age:                                 14 yrs. old
Grade level:                 Grade 3
School's name:           Rene Cayetano Elementary School
Birth Order:                 Youngest


Family Background


Father's name:          Edmundo Sacay De Asis (deceased)
Mother's name:         Veronica Mabutas De Asis (deceased)
Siblings:                      Justin De Asis
                                        Jackelyn De Asis
Guardian:                   Pstra. Mila De Asis

Person-centered therapy

1.     What is the major focus of the person-centered therapy?

2.     Why Rogers does affirmed individual personal experience as the basis and standard for living and therapeutic effect?

3.     What is the role of therapist in this therapy?

4.     How does the community affect the personality of an individual?

5.     As a teacher, how can we counsel our children without dictating on what to do?

Existential Therapy

1.     How does the decision of an individual affect their personality?

2.     Why did a person come up to a point of being left behind in this world?

3.     How you can build a strong and purposeful meaning in life to a person losing hope?

4.     As a teacher, how can we affect a good meaning in life to our students without being dictatorial?

5.     In existential therapy, who should be the one who is making their purpose? The therapist or the client?

Learning Questions

Behavior Therapy

1.     How can a teacher deal a child with broken family problem as a counselor?

2.     Why do we need to model appropriate behavior than verbalizing it to a client?

3.     How do we enhance therapeutic process in behavior therapy effectively by using positive reinforcement or conditioning?

4.     Why does habit reversal become effective in counseling?

5.     How can we deal a child having traumatic experiences by modeling behavior?

reality therapy

INTRODUCTION


        Reality therapy emphasizes that people are capable of changing their fate if they will live in reality. This therapy is not complicated and easy to understand unlike other therapy. It is simple yet not simplistic. The basis of this theory is on an explanation of brain functioning or control theory which accounts for human behavior. Based in the control theory, we act to an attempt to fulfill our current needs: belonging, power, pleasure, freedom, and survival. Through the process of reality therapy, clients learn more about effective path to satisfy their needs.

Brief Biography

               William Glasser was born in Cleveland, Ohio on May 11, 1925. Little has been known about Glasser’s childhood but he described it as uneventful and happy. While still a student of Case Institute of technology, he married Naomi Judith Silver. After he graduated, his advisers rejected his dissertation. He gained admission to medical school at Western Reserve University. He began experimenting with the alternative treatment to the traditional psychoanalytic procedures.